Inertial cavitation occurs in nature in the strikes of mantis shrimps and pistol shrimps, as well as in the vascular tissues of plants. The process in which a void or bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses, producing a shock wave, is called inertial cavitation. Cavitation is usually divided into two classes of behavior: inertial (or transient) cavitation and non-inertial cavitation. The most common examples of this kind of wear are to pump impellers, and bends where a sudden change in the direction of liquid occurs. This results in surface fatigue of the metal causing a type of wear also called "cavitation". Collapsing voids that implode near to a metal surface cause cyclic stress through repeated implosion. These shock waves are strong when they are very close to the imploded bubble, but rapidly weaken as they propagate away from the implosion.Ĭavitation is a significant cause of wear in some engineering contexts. When subjected to higher pressure, these cavities, called "bubbles" or "voids", collapse and can generate shock waves that may damage machinery. Bronze propeller on river barge with an anti-cavitation plate above the prop.Ĭavitation is a phenomenon in which the static pressure of a liquid reduces to below the liquid's vapour pressure, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities in the liquid.
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